Vietnam Textile Industry Profile
Despite the world's economic crisis, Vietnam's textile industry continues to develop and increase its value.
Sarah Pelot, Associate Editor
T
he Socialist Republic of Vietnam - extending more than 1,500 kilometers from China at its
northern border to the Gulf of Thailand in the south - is located on the Indochina Peninsula in
Southeast Asia, bordered on the west by Laos and Cambodia and on the east by the Gulf of Tonkin and
the South China Sea. Though the country is ruled by the Vietnam Communist Party, its government
instituted a political and economic reform program in 1986 called "doi moi" to set up a
market-based economy run with reduced government interference.
Significant Changes
In 2001, Vietnam's Congress approved the Strategy for Socio-Economic Development 2001-2010 to enhance the role of the private sector. The overall goal was to accelerate national industrialization and modernization, and therefore stimulate economic growth, enabling the country to become an industrialized nation by 2020. Vietnam's economy began moving from a centrally planned economy to a socialist-oriented market economy, leading it to become one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, with recent annual growth rates of more than 7 percent. Vietnam is now ranked second only to China in terms of economic growth. The government states that one focus of its 10-year socioeconomic strategy is "to rapidly develop industries capable of promoting their competitive advantages, taking hold of domestic markets and pushing ahead exports" such as textiles, apparel and other products.
At the end of 2001, the US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement went into effect, opening up Vietnam's market to US textile investors. The agreement not only caused bilateral trade between the United States and Vietnam to explode - rising from US$2.91 billion in 2002 to US$12.5 billion in 2007 - but it also paved the way for Vietnam to enter the World Trade Organization (WTO). In 2007, Vietnam became the organization's 150th member, further opening its economy to foreign trade and investment. International trade rules require Vietnam's textile and apparel producers to compete fairly and would subject them to penalties if the country granted WTO-prohibited subsidies to producers; however, the country no longer is subject to textile and apparel import quotas.
Removal Of US Trade Barriers
Shortly after Vietnam became a member of the WTO in January 2007, the US Department of Commerce commenced a program to monitor Vietnam's textile and apparel imports to ensure fair trade practices. If unfair practices were found, the Bush administration would self-initiate anti-dumping procedures that could restrict imports among other penalties. After an 18-month-long investigation, the administration concluded there was no evidence of dumping, and the program expired when President George W. Bush left office in January 2009. The failure to find proof of anti-dumping conduct is a good sign for the sector's future export activities.
Current Industry Status
Once Vietnam joined the WTO in 2007, its textile industry was expected to experience increased pressure from international competition. However, in the first year following accession, Vietnam overcame challenges in competing with both international and regional markets - its industry was ranked 16th out of 153 apparel exporters worldwide, reaching a total value of US$7.75 billion - approximately 15 percent of the country's entire export value. Then in 2008, it became the 10th-largest apparel exporter in the world, with exports reaching a total value of US$9.05 billion, up by 16.3 percent over 2007. Vietnam's Ministry of Finance forecasts apparel exports will reach US$11.5 billion this year.
As of 2008, apparel and textiles comprised Vietnam's largest industry, with more than two million workers employed by more than 2,000 textile and apparel enterprises, around half of which are state-owned, 25 percent foreign-invested and the remainder privately owned. According to The Vietnam National Textile and Garment Group (VINATEX), the industry annually produces approximately 10,000 tons of cotton fiber; 50,000 tons of man-made fiber; 260,000 tons of short-staple fiber and yarn; 15,000 tons of knitted fabrics; 680 million square meters of woven fabrics; and more than 1.8 billion textile and apparel products. Approximately 70 percent of this output is exported. According to Le Quoc An, chairman of the Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association (VITAS), the United States is the top importer of Vietnamese textile and apparel products, accounting for nearly 60 percent of the country's total textile and apparel export turnover. Other top export markets are the European Union, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and Southeast Asia, Canada and a few other markets.
According to the Switzerland-based International Textile Machinery Manufacturers Federation (ITMF), Vietnam's investment in short-staple spindles more than tripled in 2007 over 2006, with the country adding 529,968 spindles to its capacity in 2007, compared with 171,720 in 2006. The German Engineering Federation (VDMA) Textile Machinery Association reports that Germany has exported a large amount of textile technology to Vietnam: In 2006, German exports of spinning, weaving, knitting and finishing technology combined were worth approximately 19.3 million euros; in 2007, the number had increased to almost 36.7 million euros. For January 2008 through September 2008, spinning machinery topped the Vietnamese textile industry's purchase list: the country invested in spinning machinery worth approximately 19.5 million euros, compared to approximately 9.4 million euros in the corresponding period of 2007. Vietnam's investment in weaving machinery also increased substantially: Germany's January through September 2008 exports were worth approximately 5.3 million euros, compared to approximately 123,000 euros in the corresponding period of 2007.
Textile Organizations
VINATEX is a conglomerate owned by the Vietnam Textile Garment Group, research and training centers, and close to 100 joint-stock sub-companies including apparel manufacturers, commercial services providers, and other companies. It is not only the largest textile and apparel corporation in Vietnam, but also one of the largest in Asia. It plays multiple roles in the industry, including as a manufacturer and exporter of yarn, woven and knitted fabrics and apparel; importer of raw materials, dyestuffs and chemicals, as well as textile machinery and equipment; wholesale and retail distributor; and representative of Vietnamese textile and apparel companies. VINATEX has a commercial relationship with more than 400 companies in 65 countries and regions, and supports opening joint-venture businesses both domestically and abroad. Its export value represents more then 20 percent of the Vietnamese textile and apparel industry's total export turnover. Each year, VINATEX produces 100,000 tons of 100-percent cotton and blended yarns; 3,000 tons of acrylic and wool/acrylic yarns; 1,500 tons of thread; 250 million square meters of fabric; 50 million knitted products; 80 million garments; and 150 million towels.
The Vietnamese government has been in the process of "equitizing" state enterprises such as VINATEX - in other words, converting them into shareholding companies and distributing a portion of the shares to management, workers, and private and foreign investors. According to Vietnam's Ministry of Finance, VINATEX was scheduled to equitize in 2008.
VITAS is a non-governmental, non-profit organization that represents the interests of all foreign and domestic textile-based apparel businesses in Vietnam. It promotes Vietnamese textile and apparel products in global markets and acts as an advisor to the government and other related organizations.
In mid-2008, Vietnamese President Nguyen Minh Triet requested that VINATEX increase the amount of domestic textile material it uses from 36 percent to a higher amount. "Only by increasing local content, will the industry earn more from business value chains," Triet said. The president also asked the entire apparel and textile sector to focus on fashion design and improving apparel quality by implementing more advanced production technologies. Triet sees such moves as ways to help the industry improve its competitive position in the face of the current global financial crisis.
The Future Of The Industry
In November 2008, the Ministry of Industry and Trade chaired a seminar on the development of Vietnam's textile and apparel industry after two years of WTO membership and the actions that need to be taken to accelerate that development. The Ministry noted that though Vietnam has been in a favorable position to enable the textile industry to boost the country's economy and integrate into the global market - as well as attract foreign investment and strengthen export activities following the removal of many trade barriers - the country must commit to opening up its markets, reducing tariffs and breaking down other protection barriers. Bui Xuan Khu, vice minister of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, declared the primary target for the textile and apparel industry until 2010 is to achieve an export turnover of US$10 billion to US$12 billion and produce goods comprising approximately 50-percent domestic content. Other objectives include creating more domestic jobs; improving competitiveness; integrating Vietnamese textiles and apparel into the regional and global economy; and helping the sector remain the country's principal export industry.
In addition, Vietnam's Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung has approved a strategy for the textile and apparel industry with development up to 2015 and a vision toward 2020 as its objective. The concentration is on "specialization and modernization, creating a leap in terms of added value of products," with the implementation of three programs: cotton planting; high-quality woven fabrics; and human resources training. To accomplish these goals, the sector plans to develop 40,000 hectares of concentrated cotton-growing areas in the central coastal and highlands provinces; establish primary supply centers in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang and Can Tho; and move plants from major cities to provinces neighboring the supply centers and establish apparel factories; and train workers in production management, fabric design, skills analysis and sales techniques.
Under the development plan, the textile and apparel industry aims to gain an export turnover of US$12 billion and a 20-percent export growth rate by 2010. The sector appears to be on track to reach these goals: it already achieved an 18-percent growth rate in 2008. The industry hopes to gain an export turnover of US$18 billion and 15-percent growth by 2015, and an export turnover of US$25 billion and 15-percent growth by 2020.
Recently, textile businesses worldwide have been moving some of their China-based operations to Vietnam, where labor costs are lower in comparison to China, whose wages are on the rise. The relocation of production facilities to Vietnam - along with government support of the industry, increasing textile exports, strong renovation and economic reform, improved trade relations and focused goals - should help Vietnam's textile and apparel industry continue to expand.
January/February/March 2009
Significant Changes
In 2001, Vietnam's Congress approved the Strategy for Socio-Economic Development 2001-2010 to enhance the role of the private sector. The overall goal was to accelerate national industrialization and modernization, and therefore stimulate economic growth, enabling the country to become an industrialized nation by 2020. Vietnam's economy began moving from a centrally planned economy to a socialist-oriented market economy, leading it to become one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, with recent annual growth rates of more than 7 percent. Vietnam is now ranked second only to China in terms of economic growth. The government states that one focus of its 10-year socioeconomic strategy is "to rapidly develop industries capable of promoting their competitive advantages, taking hold of domestic markets and pushing ahead exports" such as textiles, apparel and other products.
At the end of 2001, the US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement went into effect, opening up Vietnam's market to US textile investors. The agreement not only caused bilateral trade between the United States and Vietnam to explode - rising from US$2.91 billion in 2002 to US$12.5 billion in 2007 - but it also paved the way for Vietnam to enter the World Trade Organization (WTO). In 2007, Vietnam became the organization's 150th member, further opening its economy to foreign trade and investment. International trade rules require Vietnam's textile and apparel producers to compete fairly and would subject them to penalties if the country granted WTO-prohibited subsidies to producers; however, the country no longer is subject to textile and apparel import quotas.
Removal Of US Trade Barriers
Shortly after Vietnam became a member of the WTO in January 2007, the US Department of Commerce commenced a program to monitor Vietnam's textile and apparel imports to ensure fair trade practices. If unfair practices were found, the Bush administration would self-initiate anti-dumping procedures that could restrict imports among other penalties. After an 18-month-long investigation, the administration concluded there was no evidence of dumping, and the program expired when President George W. Bush left office in January 2009. The failure to find proof of anti-dumping conduct is a good sign for the sector's future export activities.
Current Industry Status
Once Vietnam joined the WTO in 2007, its textile industry was expected to experience increased pressure from international competition. However, in the first year following accession, Vietnam overcame challenges in competing with both international and regional markets - its industry was ranked 16th out of 153 apparel exporters worldwide, reaching a total value of US$7.75 billion - approximately 15 percent of the country's entire export value. Then in 2008, it became the 10th-largest apparel exporter in the world, with exports reaching a total value of US$9.05 billion, up by 16.3 percent over 2007. Vietnam's Ministry of Finance forecasts apparel exports will reach US$11.5 billion this year.
As of 2008, apparel and textiles comprised Vietnam's largest industry, with more than two million workers employed by more than 2,000 textile and apparel enterprises, around half of which are state-owned, 25 percent foreign-invested and the remainder privately owned. According to The Vietnam National Textile and Garment Group (VINATEX), the industry annually produces approximately 10,000 tons of cotton fiber; 50,000 tons of man-made fiber; 260,000 tons of short-staple fiber and yarn; 15,000 tons of knitted fabrics; 680 million square meters of woven fabrics; and more than 1.8 billion textile and apparel products. Approximately 70 percent of this output is exported. According to Le Quoc An, chairman of the Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association (VITAS), the United States is the top importer of Vietnamese textile and apparel products, accounting for nearly 60 percent of the country's total textile and apparel export turnover. Other top export markets are the European Union, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and Southeast Asia, Canada and a few other markets.
According to the Switzerland-based International Textile Machinery Manufacturers Federation (ITMF), Vietnam's investment in short-staple spindles more than tripled in 2007 over 2006, with the country adding 529,968 spindles to its capacity in 2007, compared with 171,720 in 2006. The German Engineering Federation (VDMA) Textile Machinery Association reports that Germany has exported a large amount of textile technology to Vietnam: In 2006, German exports of spinning, weaving, knitting and finishing technology combined were worth approximately 19.3 million euros; in 2007, the number had increased to almost 36.7 million euros. For January 2008 through September 2008, spinning machinery topped the Vietnamese textile industry's purchase list: the country invested in spinning machinery worth approximately 19.5 million euros, compared to approximately 9.4 million euros in the corresponding period of 2007. Vietnam's investment in weaving machinery also increased substantially: Germany's January through September 2008 exports were worth approximately 5.3 million euros, compared to approximately 123,000 euros in the corresponding period of 2007.
Textile Organizations
VINATEX is a conglomerate owned by the Vietnam Textile Garment Group, research and training centers, and close to 100 joint-stock sub-companies including apparel manufacturers, commercial services providers, and other companies. It is not only the largest textile and apparel corporation in Vietnam, but also one of the largest in Asia. It plays multiple roles in the industry, including as a manufacturer and exporter of yarn, woven and knitted fabrics and apparel; importer of raw materials, dyestuffs and chemicals, as well as textile machinery and equipment; wholesale and retail distributor; and representative of Vietnamese textile and apparel companies. VINATEX has a commercial relationship with more than 400 companies in 65 countries and regions, and supports opening joint-venture businesses both domestically and abroad. Its export value represents more then 20 percent of the Vietnamese textile and apparel industry's total export turnover. Each year, VINATEX produces 100,000 tons of 100-percent cotton and blended yarns; 3,000 tons of acrylic and wool/acrylic yarns; 1,500 tons of thread; 250 million square meters of fabric; 50 million knitted products; 80 million garments; and 150 million towels.
The Vietnamese government has been in the process of "equitizing" state enterprises such as VINATEX - in other words, converting them into shareholding companies and distributing a portion of the shares to management, workers, and private and foreign investors. According to Vietnam's Ministry of Finance, VINATEX was scheduled to equitize in 2008.
VITAS is a non-governmental, non-profit organization that represents the interests of all foreign and domestic textile-based apparel businesses in Vietnam. It promotes Vietnamese textile and apparel products in global markets and acts as an advisor to the government and other related organizations.
In mid-2008, Vietnamese President Nguyen Minh Triet requested that VINATEX increase the amount of domestic textile material it uses from 36 percent to a higher amount. "Only by increasing local content, will the industry earn more from business value chains," Triet said. The president also asked the entire apparel and textile sector to focus on fashion design and improving apparel quality by implementing more advanced production technologies. Triet sees such moves as ways to help the industry improve its competitive position in the face of the current global financial crisis.
The Future Of The Industry
In November 2008, the Ministry of Industry and Trade chaired a seminar on the development of Vietnam's textile and apparel industry after two years of WTO membership and the actions that need to be taken to accelerate that development. The Ministry noted that though Vietnam has been in a favorable position to enable the textile industry to boost the country's economy and integrate into the global market - as well as attract foreign investment and strengthen export activities following the removal of many trade barriers - the country must commit to opening up its markets, reducing tariffs and breaking down other protection barriers. Bui Xuan Khu, vice minister of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, declared the primary target for the textile and apparel industry until 2010 is to achieve an export turnover of US$10 billion to US$12 billion and produce goods comprising approximately 50-percent domestic content. Other objectives include creating more domestic jobs; improving competitiveness; integrating Vietnamese textiles and apparel into the regional and global economy; and helping the sector remain the country's principal export industry.
In addition, Vietnam's Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung has approved a strategy for the textile and apparel industry with development up to 2015 and a vision toward 2020 as its objective. The concentration is on "specialization and modernization, creating a leap in terms of added value of products," with the implementation of three programs: cotton planting; high-quality woven fabrics; and human resources training. To accomplish these goals, the sector plans to develop 40,000 hectares of concentrated cotton-growing areas in the central coastal and highlands provinces; establish primary supply centers in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang and Can Tho; and move plants from major cities to provinces neighboring the supply centers and establish apparel factories; and train workers in production management, fabric design, skills analysis and sales techniques.
Under the development plan, the textile and apparel industry aims to gain an export turnover of US$12 billion and a 20-percent export growth rate by 2010. The sector appears to be on track to reach these goals: it already achieved an 18-percent growth rate in 2008. The industry hopes to gain an export turnover of US$18 billion and 15-percent growth by 2015, and an export turnover of US$25 billion and 15-percent growth by 2020.
Recently, textile businesses worldwide have been moving some of their China-based operations to Vietnam, where labor costs are lower in comparison to China, whose wages are on the rise. The relocation of production facilities to Vietnam - along with government support of the industry, increasing textile exports, strong renovation and economic reform, improved trade relations and focused goals - should help Vietnam's textile and apparel industry continue to expand.
January/February/March 2009
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越南纺织业概况
越南社会主义共和国北接中国，南达泰国湾，面积绵延逾1500公里。越南位于东南亚的中南半岛，西面为柬埔寨、老挝，东面为北部湾及南中国海。越南虽然由越南共产党执政，但政府于1986年推行了一个叫"doi
moi"的政治及经济改革项目，用来推动市场经济，减低政府对经济的干预。
经济面貌改观
越南国会于2001年通过2001至2010年度的社会经济发展策略，以加强国内私人企业的角色。政策的整体目标是加速国家工业化及现代化的步伐，以此刺激经济发展，达 成国家于2020年成为工业国的目的。越南经济体系渐次由中央调控过度至社会主义主导的市场经济，成为全球经济高速增长的国家之一，最新的年增长率更录得逾7%之高。以经济而言，越 南更成为除中国以外增长最快的国家。政府表示其10年期社会经济政策的重点之一，是积极发展可以提高国家竞争力、主导国内市场，以及推动外销的行业，这些行业包括纺织、成衣及其它商品制造等。
美国与越南之间签订的双边贸易协议于2001年底生效，这意味着越南市场的大门开放给美国的纺织业投资者。协议不单大大推高了美、越两国的双边贸易数字 -- 由2002年的29.1亿美元，跃 升至2007年的125亿美元，亦为越南加入世界贸易组织铺下了康庄大道。越南于2007年成为世贸第150名成员，于经济上进一步向海外贸易及投资者开放。按国际贸易条例的规定，越 南的纺织及成衣制造商必须公平地进行竞争，如国家向制造商发放世贸禁止的资助，将会受到惩罚；不过，越南已毋须受制于纺织品及成衣方面的进口限额。
解除美国贸易障碍
在越南于2007年一月成为世贸会员不久，美国商务部即开展计划，监察越南的纺织及成衣进口活动，确保公平贸易常规。如部门一旦发现违反公平贸易的操作，除有关惩罚外，布 什政府更会自动开启反倾销措施，限制商品进口。经过18个月的调查，商务部最终并未取得任何倾销商品的证据，而有关计划亦随着布什总统于2009年1月离任而终止。这个结论，标志着行业出口贸易的前景一片光明。
行业现况
越南自2007年加入世贸后，预期即时需要面对国际竞争方面的重大压力。不过，越南首年的表现甚为理想，成功克服了国际及区域间不少挑战 -- 行业于全球153个成衣出口国中排名16，出 口总值达77.5亿美元，约占国家整体出口总值15%。越南更于2008年，跻身全球最大成衣出口国的第十位，出口总值90.5亿美元，较2007年增长16.3%。越南财政部预期今年的成衣出口总值，将 可高达115亿美元。
以2008年言，成衣及纺织业蔚为越南最主要的行业，业内有逾2000家纺织及成衣企业，共聘有超过2百万名工人。这2,000家企业中，约一半属国营、25%由外资拥有，其余为私人企业。根 据越南纺织服装公司(VINATEX)资料，行业每年生产约1万吨棉花纤维、5万吨人造纤维、26万吨短毛及纱线、1.5万吨针织布料、6.8亿平方米织造布料，以及18亿件纺织及成衣产品。总产量中，约 有70%外销。越南纺织成衣协会(VITAS)主席Le Quoc An 表示，美国为越南纺织品及成衣产品的最大输出国，约占越南纺织及成衣外销总营业额60%。至于越南纺织品的其它主要进口国，尚有欧盟、日 本、俄罗斯、南韩、东南亚、加拿大，以及其它数个市场。
根据瑞士国际纺织机械设备制造商协会 (ITMF)数据，越南2007年投资于短毛锭子的数目，为2006年的三倍，实际数字由2006年增购171,720部短毛织机，上 升至2007年新增529,968部。另外，德国工程协会 (VDMA) 纺织机械商会指出，德国亦向越南输出大量纺织技术。于2006年，德国输出的纺纱、织造、针织及后整理技术，合共总值约1930万欧元；而 该数字于2007年，更急跃至接近 3670万欧元。于2008年1月至9月期间，越南纺织业购入最多的是纺纱设备，总值约1950万欧元，远多于2007年同期的约940万欧元。此外，越 南于纺织设备方面的投资亦持续增长：德国于2008年1月至9月期间，出口至越南的总值约达530万欧元，亦远高于2007年同期的约12.3万欧元。
纺织业组织
VINATEX为越南纺织成衣组织研究及培训中心属下的大型集团，下有近100所联合股分的子公司，包括成衣制造、商业服务供应商，以及其它公司等。VINATEX不单是越南、也 是亚洲最具规模的纺织及成衣企业，于越南纺织界担当着多重角色：纱线、织物、针织布料及成衣制造商及外销商；原材料、染料、化学品、纺织机械设备进口商；批发及零售分销商；以及越南纺织品及成衣企业的代表等。V INATEX 与65个国家及地区逾400家企业缔结商业伙伴关系，亦支持本地及海外企业开拓商业合作项目。单是这家企业的外销总值，便已占去越南纺织及成衣业总外销额的逾20%。VINATEX 每年生产10万吨100%全棉及混合纱线；3000吨丙烯酸及羊毛/丙烯酸纱线；1500吨细线；2.5亿平方米布料；5000万件针织品；8000万件成衣；以及1.5亿条毛巾。
越南政府现正就VINATEX等 一类国营企业进行资产化的工作 -- 即将这些企业变为股分公司，并将部分股权转归企业管理层、工人、个人或海外投资者名下。越南财政部表示，国 家预计将于2008年把VINATEX资产化。
VITAS 则为一所非国营、非牟利的组织，为越南的本地及海外纺织成衣业务谋取福祉。组织致力于全球市场推广越南出产的纺织品和成衣商品；此外，亦为政府及其它相关机构提供咨询。
2008年中，越南主席阮明哲要求VINATEX提高当时已达36%的本地纺织原材料用量。只有增加本地的用量，行业方可以从商业价值链上赚取更多利润。阮表示。此外，阮 明哲亦要求整个成衣及纺织行业专注于时装设计方面，同时致力采用先进的生产技术，提高成衣品的素质。这些揩施，他认为可以加强行业在全球金融危机下的竞争力。
行业前景
2008年11月，越南工商贸易部就越南加入世贸两年后纺织及成衣业的发展召开了研讨会，同时于会上商讨了加速行业发展的措施。工商贸易部表示，尽管越南纺织业于促进国家经济、与 全球经济整合两方面上，处于有利位置，同时又随着多项贸易限制的废除，能够吸引海外投资、增加外销活动，但越南仍需致力开放市场、减低关税，并打破其它保护政策。工商贸易部副部长Bui Xuan Khu明确指出，纺织及成衣业至2010年的首要目标，是将外销总额提升至100亿至120亿美元，同时使用约50%的本地原材料。至于其它目标，尚包括创造更多本地职位、提高竞争力、将 越南纺织及成衣业与区内及全球的经济整合，以及协助行业发展为国内最主要的外销行业。
此外，越南总理阮晋勇亦为纺织及成衣业通过了至2015年的发展政策，并为至2020年的发展订下目标。政府的核心纲领是专门化及现代化，在生产增值商品上争取三级跳的佳绩。政策下分三个项目：种 植棉花；生产高档织造布；以及培育人力资源。为了达成目标，行业计划于海岸中部及位于高地的省分开垦4万亩农地，主要作植棉之用；于河内、胡志明市、岘港及芹苴市等地成立主要的供应中心；将 位于主要城市的厂房迁移至供应中心邻近的省位，同时成立制衣厂；以及就生产管理、布料设计、技能分析及销售技巧等范畴培训员工。
在发展计划下，纺织及成衣业预期可于2010年，取得约120亿美元的外销营业额及20% 的外销增长。现时看来，行业的表现紧贴目标：已于2008年取得18%的增幅。行 业至2015年的目标是180亿美元外销额及15%增长，至2020年则为250亿美元外销额及15%增长。
由于中国工人的工资趋于上升，越南的劳工成本相对较低，因此近期愈来愈多跨国纺织企业把厂房从中国迁移至越南。这个情况 -- 加上越南政府对行业的支持、外销纺织品有所增加、积极的经济改革、国 际贸易关系改善、目标明确等有利因素，应能刺激越南纺织及成衣业蓬勃地发展。